Silver

What is silver?

Silver is a precious metal and chemical element with the symbol Ag. Pure silver is relatively soft, so functional objects usually use alloys, often with copper. It is used for coins, hollowware, cutlery and jewellery.

Fineness and hallmarks

Fineness is stated in parts per thousand. 925 means 92.5 per cent silver, known as sterling. Marks such as 830S and 925S are common in Norway. Other objects may carry town, assay and maker’s marks. A mark must be considered with construction, age and origin. Silver plate and EPNS are not solid silver.

Identification

Inspect all marks. Tarnish, weight, magnetic response and polishing can give clues but are not decisive tests. Non-destructive X-ray fluorescence (XRF) may be used professionally when uncertain.

Condition and interest

Fineness, weight, maker, age, rarity, design, provenance and condition all matter. Heavy polishing can remove detail, gilding, oxidised decoration and historic surface.